Getting Pregnant - The Luteal Phase
A Closer Look at the Menstrual Cycle in Determining Infertility
Oct 3, 2009
The menstrual cycle can be broken down into two phases. The latter phase is important in conception, and in maintaining a viable pregnancy. this latter phase is called the 'luteal phase'. This important to understand when getting pregnant is desired.
What is a Luteal Phase?
A woman's menstrual cycle is made up of two phases. The first phase is called the 'follicular phase', and occurs from day 1 of the cycle up to the day of ovulation. The luteal phase is the second phase, which occurs from the day of ovulation to the next menstrual period. This is the phase in which a ripe egg is released (in a process called ovulation), and awaits sperm to fertilize it. The fertilized egg will then implant itself into the uterus.
During the luteal phase, a woman produces progesterone which increases her temperature. The higher temperature is important in incubating the fertilized egg if conception took place.
Although the follicular phase can vary in days from cycle to cycle, the luteal phase generally remains consistent. The luteal phase lasts ususally between 12-16 days in the second half of the menstrual cycle. It needs to be at least 10 days in order for implantation to occur. A luteal phase shorter than 10 days can make it difficult for a woman to get pregnant.
What is a Luteal Phase Defect?
A luteal phase defect is diagnosed if there are fewer than 10 days from ovulation to the next menstrual period. Some doctors have argued that a luteal phase shorter than 12 days is considered to be a problem. If conception does take place, it is highly likely that an early miscarriage will take place.
A luteal phase defect cannot sustain a viable pregnancy because the lining of the uterus will start to break down. This will bring about the menstrual bleeding and cause an early miscarriage.
One major reason for a short luteal phase is low progesterone levels. Detecting this low level is done by a blood test done approximately 7 days past ovulation. Once a low progesterone level is detected, there are several ways to correct this.
How are Low Progesterone Levels Dealt With?
Low progesterone levels can be remedied with daily doses of vitamin B6 (usually between 50mg and 200mg), progesterone cream (applied to the arms, inner thighs, chest and neck), or intra-muscular shots of natural progesterone injected into the hip/buttock area. These remedies will lengthen the luteal phase.
There are also over-the-counter medications and prescription drugs that can remedy this problem.
Identifying and fixing a short luteal phase is vital in ensuring a viable pregnancy. Thankfully, fertility problems caused by a luteal phase defect can be quickly remedied with the proper treatment.
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